Vitamin,Classification,Source,Deficiency

Vitamin

Definition :-  vitamin are any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as co-enzymes and precursors of co-enzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body

 

Classification of vitamin
Fat-soluble Vitamin     1.     Vitamin A 2.     Vitamin D 3.     Vitamin E 4.     Vitamin K	Water-soluble vitamin   1.     Vitamin B Complex   ·        Vitamin B1 ·        Vitamin B2 ·        Vitamin B3 ·        Vitamin B5 ·        Vitamin B6 ·        Vitamin B9 ·        Vitamin B12 ·        Vitamin H   2.     Vitamin C

 

 

 

Fat-soluble Vitamin

 

Name	Chemical Name	Source	Deficiency
Vitamin A	Retinol	Liver, fish liver oils, eggs, milk, butter, cheese Leafy green vegetables, orange and yellow vegetables, tomatoes, fruits	ocular disturbances leading to blindness, growth retardation, dry skin, diarrhea, vulnerability to infection
Vitamin D	Calciferol	Oil fish, fish liver oils, egg yolk, dairy products	defective bone growth in children, soft bones in adults
Vitamin E	Alpha-Tocopherol	Nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, wheat germ	peripheral neuropathy, breakdown of red blood cells
Vitamin K1   Vitamin K2	Phytomenadione   Menaquinones	Leafy green vegetables, rapeseed and soya bean oil, natto, wholegrain cereals	impaired clotting of the blood and internal bleeding

 

Water-soluble vitamin

 

 

Name	Chemical Name	Source	Deficiency
Vitamin B1	Thiamin	Liver, pork, wholegrain, legumes, nuts, sunflower seeds, fruits, vegetables	impairment of the nerves and heart muscle wasting
Vitamin B2	Riboflavin	Liver, pork, wholegrain, legumes, nuts, sunflower seeds, fruits, vegetables	inflammation of the skin, tongue, and lips; ocular disturbances; nervous symptoms
Vitamin B3	Niacin	Fish, poultry, meat, milk, wholegrain	skin lesions, gastrointestinal disturbances, nervous symptoms
Vitamin B5	Pantothenic acid	Liver, kidney, eggs, wholegrain, fortified breakfast cereals	weakness, gastrointestinal disturbances, nervous symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbances, restlessness, nausea
Vitamin B6	Pyridoxine	Meat, fish, wholegrain, vegetables	dermatitis, mental depression, confusion, convulsions, anemia
Vitamin B9	Folic Acid	Liver, legumes, leafy green vegetables, wholegrain,	impaired formation of red blood cells, weakness, irritability, headache, palpitations, inflammation of mouth, neural tube defects in fetus
Vitamin B12	Cobalamin	Meat, poultry, liver, kidney, fish, eggs, dairy products	smoothness of the tongue, gastrointestinal disturbances, nervous symptoms
Vitamin H	Biotin	yolk, liver, kidney, milk, yeast	dermatitis, hair loss, conjunctivitis, neurological symptoms
Vitamin C	Ascorbic Acid	Citrus fruits, bell peppers, strawberries, broccoli	swollen and bleeding gums, soreness and stiffness of the joints and lower extremities, bleeding under the skin and in deep tissues, slow wound healing, anemia